- Back Contact

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Overview – Molybdenum is metal layer that is regularly used as a back contact layer for inorganic thin film solar cells, such as CIGS and CdTe. The most common method used to deposit Molybdenum is sputtering, especially in high volume manufacturing environments. The advantages of a sputtered process include precise process control with scalable processes while still maintaining the ability to tune molybdenum layer properties for structure optimization. Reactive sputtering of molybdenum oxide has also been used as a buffer layer to improve the efficiency of thin film organic solar cells

 

 

Sprint Flex

  • Roll to Roll Substrates 200mm – 450mm wide.
  • Free Span or Drum Architecture
  • Ideal for Industrial Scale R&D or Pilot Scale Production.
  • 1-2 front side deposition sources – 0-2 Back Side sources

Orion 500

  • Roll to Roll Substrates 200mm – 500mm wide.
  • Free Span or Drum Architecture
  • Pilot or Production Manufacturing
  • 1-6 front side deposition sources – 0-2 Back Side sources

H-Line

Large format coating systems for flat, rigid substrates such as glass, thin film solar, smart window glass and metal sheet coatings in high volume or pilot scale production in the H-Line. Proven design platform globally installed used in coating glass and thin film solar on glass substrates is configured for each customer specific process and annual production capacity.

V-Line

Large format coating systems for flat, rigid substrates in a vertical orientation minimizes coating debris and contamination ideal for touch screen and TCO coatings in high volume or pilot scale production. Proven design platform globally installed used in coating glass and thin film solar on glass substrates is configured for each customer specific process and annual production capacity.

Orion Complete

  • Custom multi deposition zone deposition systems
  • Roll to Roll Substrates 200mm 400mm wide.
  • Free Span or Drum Architecture
  • Configurable Sources

Custom

Customization of standard products or development of fully custom solutions to optimize system design for vacuum deposition onto almost any substrate.

Challenges – Molybdenum deposition can appear simple when compared to the complex deposition of CIGS. However it is important not to trivialize the importance of properly controlling and optimizing the molybdenum layer. For CIGS cells, molybdenum forms the foundation for the solar cell layer stack and will influence doping (intentional doping or impurity diffusion), CIGS grain size, adhesion, and surface roughness. Similar challenges are encountered for substrate deposition of molybdenum for flexible CdTe cells. Improper molybdenum deposition parameters will damage the CdTe absorber when using traditional superstrate deposition on glass.

A single molybdenum recipe is not ideal for all layer structures.